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1.
Rev. invest. clín ; 73(4): 231-237, Jul.-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347569

ABSTRACT

Background: Central nervous system international prognosis index (CNS-IPI) is validated in European and the USA cancer databases. However, no validation has been done in Mexican population. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the impact of the CNS-IPI on central nervous system (CNS) relapse and survival in Mexican patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: In this retrospective analysis, clinical, biochemical, and histological variables and the CNS-IPI were analyzed. Results: Six hundred and forty-two patients with DBLCL were included in the study. The mean ± SD age was 56.8 ± 14.9 years. Most had an ECOG of 0-1: 75% (n = 484) had absence of B-symptoms and advanced disease (clinical stage: III-IV, n = 433, 67.4%). According to the CNS-IPI, almost one-half were in the low-risk category. According to the CNS-IPI, CNS relapse rate was 1.36% (95% CI: 83.2-92.8), 3.1% (95% CI: 132.4-162.8), and 7.4% (95% CI 61-91) for patients in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk categories, respectively. The median overall survival in the high-risk group (CNS-IPI) was 22 months, and it has not been achieved after 80 months of follow-up for the other groups. Conclusions: CNS-IPI was associated with survival; therefore, we propose its use as a prognostic tool for prospective validation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Prognosis , Vincristine/therapeutic use , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System , Retrospective Studies , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Mexico/epidemiology , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
2.
Journal of Experimental Hematology ; (6): 1175-1180, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-888535

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of high dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), temozolomide (TMZ), and rituximab (R) in the treatment of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).@*METHODS@#Clinical data of patients with PCNSL diagnosed and treated in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from February 2010 to May 2017 were collected. First, patients were given 6-8 cycles of MTX (3.5 g/m@*RESULTS@#There were 42 patients enrolled in the study, 17 cases in HD-MTX+TMZ group and 25 cases in HD-MTX+TMZ+R group. The median PFS and OS times in HD-MTX+TMZ+R group were 56.7 months and N/A, respectively, while, 7.3 months and 34.7 months in HD-MTX+TMZ group, respectively. In addition, there was no significant difference in median survival between patients who received TMZ maintenance therapy and those who were only actively monitored. During the induction period, all the patients had grade 1-2 nausea and vomiting, while in the consolidation treatment period, no grade 3/4 toxicity was observed.@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of HD-MTX+TMZ+R in the treatment of PCNSL patients shows a definite short-term effect, which can increase the survival rate of the patients. The side effects are mild, and the patients can generally tolerate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Central Nervous System , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Temozolomide/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
3.
Journal of Experimental Hematology ; (6): 633-637, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880125

ABSTRACT

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma outside the lymph nodes. At present, high-dose chemotherapy based on methotrexate is the standard induction therapy for newly diagnosed PCNSL, but the effective therapy of relapse/refractory and elderly PCNSL is still unclear. With the progress of clinical trials, new drugs and combined treatment method appear constantly, such as rituximab and ibrutinib, the remission rate of refractory and relapsed patients increased, while lenalidomide showed a good activity in the maintenance treatment of elderly patients. This review summarized briefly the recent advances of research on immunocheckpoint inhibitors, immunoregulatory agents, bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Central Nervous System , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
4.
Lima; s.n; feb. 2016.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-848201

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El presente informe expone la evaluación del medicamento lapatinib en combinación con capecitabina, para pacientes con cáncer de mama metastásico con receptor HER2 positivo, refractarios a tratamiento de primera línea con esquemas de quimioterapia asociados a trastuzumab, con metástasis a sistema nervioso central controlada y con ECOG 0-1. Aspectos Generales: El cáncer de mama es el cáncer más frecuentemente diagnosticado y es la causa principal de muerte relacionada a cáncer en mujeres a nivel mundial. En nuestro país, el cáncer de mama es el tercer cáncer más frecuente en nuestra población (10,3%) y el segundo más frecuente en mujeres (16,6%). Tecnología Sanitaria de Interés: Lapatinib: Lapatinib es un fármaco antineoplásico desarrollado por GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) como un tratamiento para cáncer de mama y pulmón. Fue aprobado por la FDA en el 2007 para su uso en pacientes con cáncer de mama metastásico en combinación a capecitabina. Lapatinib es una molécula que inhibe la proliferación celular bloqueando el dominio intracelular de dos miembros de la familia del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano (EGFR, siglas en inglés) (i.e., HER1 y HER2). Este se une al receptor de adenosina trifosfato (ATP) de la tirosina quinasa intracelular afectando la vía de señalización de la tirosina quinasa en el HER2. Por lo tanto, inhibe la proliferación celular mediaba por el receptor HER2(12). METODOLOGÍA: Estrategia de Búsqueda: Se realizó una búsqueda de estudios en humanos que mostraron evidencia científica en relación a los puntos desarrollados en la pregunta PICO. Se dio preferencia a estudios de tipo meta-análisis, revisiones sistemáticas de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados; así como a guías de práctica clínica de grupos o instituciones relevantes al tema evaluado. Asimismo, se revisó información de otros estudios y publicaciones pertinentes, así como la bibliografía usada en los artículos seleccionados. Se consideraron estudios que evaluaron el uso de lapatinib en combinación con capecitabina para tratar cáncer de mama metastásico refractario a tratamiento de primera línea comparado con capecitabina sola u otros tratamientos de quimioterapia en monodroga. Específicamente, se consideró información en relación al uso de lapatinib combinado con capecitabina para pacientes con progresión al sistema nervioso central que haya sido controlada. Se consideraron estudios recientes para la búsqueda original (últimos 5 años -2011 a\r\n2016-) en inglés o español de las siguientes bases de datos o fuentes de información: MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI Web Of Knowledge), ScienceDirect, biblioteca Cochrane, la plataforma de registro internacional de ensayos clínicos de la OMS (http.dapps.who.int/trialsearch/) y el Registro de ensayos clínicos del NIH\r\n(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home). RESULTADOS: Sinopsis de la Evidencia: Se realizó la búsqueda y revisión de la evidencia científica actual para la evaluación del uso de lapatinib combinado con capecitabina en comparación a capecitabina sola en pacientes con cáncer de mama metastásico con receptor HER2 positivo, refractarios a tratamiento de primera línea con esquemas de quimioterapia asociados a trastuzumab, con metástasis a sistema nervioso central controlada y con ECOG 0-1. CONCLUSIONES: Actualmente, el fármaco capecitabina se encuentra incluido en el Petitorio Farmacológico de EsSalud para el tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER2 positivo, lo que incluye su uso como tratamiento de segunda línea en pacientes refractarios a quimioterapia con trastuzumab. Así, en EsSalud ya se cuenta con un tratamiento al que los pacientes con cáncer de mama que han progresado a regímenes con trastuzumab pueden acceder. Es ante esta tecnología ya disponible que se requiere que la adición de lapatinib suponga un beneficio adicional para dichos pacientes que además presentan metástasis en sistema nervioso central controlada. La evidencia encontrada a la fecha (febrero 2016) no apoya la hipótesis que añadir lapatinib a capecitabina ofrezca un beneficio mayor a capecitabina sola. Así, la evidencia disponible al momento no justifica el uso de lapatinib en combinación con capecitabina para el tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER2 positivo en pacientes con metástasis cerebral controlada, refractarios a trastuzumab; pues ya se cuenta con un tratamiento (i.e., capecitabina) utilizado para el tratamiento de dichos pacientes y el cual se encuentra en el Petitorio Farmacológico de EsSalud. El Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación - IETSI, no aprueba el uso de lapatinib en combinación con capecitabina para el tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER2 positivo, refractarios a tratamiento de primera línea con Trastuzumab en pacientes con metástasis cerebral controlada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Biomarkers, Tumor , Capecitabine/administration & dosage , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Drug Combinations , Neoplasm Staging , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/administration & dosage , Receptor, ErbB-2 , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Trastuzumab/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome
5.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 135-140, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-156443

ABSTRACT

The feasibility and effectiveness of tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/autoSCT) were evaluated in children younger than 3 yr of age with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRT). Tandem HDCT/autoSCT was administered following six cycles of induction chemotherapy. Radiotherapy (RT) was administered if the tumor relapsed or progressed, otherwise, it was administered after 3 yr of age. Tumors relapsed or progressed during induction chemotherapy in 5 of 9 patients enrolled; 3 of these 5 received tandem HDCT/autoSCT as a salvage treatment. One patient died from sepsis during induction chemotherapy. The remaining 3 patients proceeded to tandem HDCT/autoSCT; however, 2 of these patients showed tumor relapse/progression after tandem HDCT/autoSCT. All 7 relapses/progressions occurred at primary sites even in patients with leptomeningeal seeding. Toxicities during tandem HDCT/autoSCT were manageable. A total of 5 patients were alive with a median follow-up of 20 (range 16-70) months from diagnosis. Four of 5 patients who received RT after relapse/progression are alive. The probability of overall survival at 3 yr from diagnosis was 53.3% +/- 17.3%. Our tandem HDCT/autoSCT is feasible; however, early administration of RT prior to tandem HDCT/autoSCT should be considered to improve the outcome after tandem HDCT/autoSCT.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carboplatin/administration & dosage , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Etoposide/administration & dosage , Follow-Up Studies , Induction Chemotherapy , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Rhabdoid Tumor/drug therapy , Salvage Therapy , Stem Cell Transplantation , Survival Rate , Thiotepa/administration & dosage , Transplantation, Autologous
6.
Medisan ; 15(1): 23-32, ene. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-585320

ABSTRACT

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de todos los pacientes con tumores del sistema nervioso central, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba, desde 1987 hasta el 2006, a fin de analizar la supervivencia de esta población infantil, cuya media fue de 45-49 meses ± 5,84. Se halló que la edad, los aspectos tisulares, la localización anatómica, el grado de resección, así como los tratamientos aplicados (radioterapia y quimioterapia), constituyeron factores determinantes para mejorar el pronóstico de vida de los integrantes de la casuística


A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of all the patients with tumors of the central nervous system, admitted to the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from 1987 to 2006, in order to analyze the survival of this population whose mean was 45-49 months ± 5,84. It was found that age, tissue aspects, anatomical site, and resection degree, as well as the applied treatments (radiotherapy and chemotherapy), constituted decisive factors to improve the life prognosis of the case material


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Secondary Care , Survival Rate , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Retrospective Studies
7.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 551-560, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-173906

ABSTRACT

The authors investigated objective response rate to high dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based combination chemotherapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and sought to identify factors that influence response to HDMTX-based combination therapy. Prospective observational analysis was performed on 52 PCNSL patients. All patients received HDMTX (3.5 g/m2) and vincristine (1.4 mg/m2/day) for one day during weeks 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, and procarbazine (100 mg/m2/day) for one week during weeks 1, 5, and 9. Forty-one patients (78.8%) achieved complete or partial remission. Higher objective response rates were observed for patients with: 1) age < 60 yr; 2) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of < 2; 3) low risk status as defined by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group; 4) p53 positivity; 5) XBP-1 negativity; 6) MUM-1 negativity; and 7) homogenous gadolinium enhancement in MR images. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG performance score of < 2, low risk, negativity for XBP-1, homogenous gadolinium enhancement by MRI, and response to chemotherapy were associated with longer overall survival. In particular, it is interesting to note that patients with a PCNSL that is homogenously enhanced by gadolinium have a higher objective response rate, and a longer progression-free survival and overall survival.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Factors , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Contrast Media/chemistry , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Disease-Free Survival , Drug Administration Schedule , Follow-Up Studies , Gadolinium/chemistry , Interferon Regulatory Factors/metabolism , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Odds Ratio , Procarbazine/administration & dosage , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Severity of Illness Index , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism , Vincristine/administration & dosage
8.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1031-1034, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-116319

ABSTRACT

High-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy has extended survival in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). However, although salvage treatment is necessary in recurrent and refractory PCNSL, this has not been standardized. We herein describe the efficacy of a combination of rituximab and temozolomide (TMZ) in two consecutive patients with recurrent and refractory PCNSL. Based on the immunohistochemical study, case 1 had a non-germinal center B-cell-like (non-GCB) subtype, was positive for bcl-2 and negative for O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Case 2 was GCB subtype, bcl-2-, and MGMT+. Because of the positive expression of MGMT, interferon-beta was additionally given in case 2. Complete responses and partial responses were obtained after the third and fourth cycles of combination therapy, respectively. This was maintained for 12 months, with acceptable toxicity. The combination of rituximab and TMZ was effective in tumors with different immunohistochemical profiles. This combination therapy warrants further study in a larger population.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
9.
Medisan ; 14(5)jun.-jul. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-576665

ABSTRACT

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de los 8 pacientes con tumores del sistema nervioso central en el primer año de vida, diagnosticados en el Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde 1987 hasta 2008, de los cuales 5 (62,5 por ciento) habían fallecido cuando se elaboró el presente artículo. Los tratamientos indicados en este caso son la resección de la masa tumoral, lo más radical que permitan su tamaño y localización, así como la quimioterapia según el tipo hístico.


A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of 8 patients with tumors of the central nervous system in the first year of life was carried out. They were diagnosed in the Southern Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba from 1987 to 2008, 5 of them (62,5 per cent) had died when the present article was made. The treatments indicated in this case are the resection of the tumor mass, the most radical surgery depending on its size and localization, as well as the chemotherapy according to the tissular type.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Central Nervous System Neoplasms , Central Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Secondary Care , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Retrospective Studies
10.
Indian J Cancer ; 2009 Apr-Jun; 46(2): 96-107
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50653

ABSTRACT

The incidence of gliomas is increasing worldwide, including India. Of the 18,820 new cases of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors diagnosed annually in the United States, gliomas account for over 60% with 30-40% of them being glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 10% being anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), and 10% being low grade gliomas (LGGs). This is in contrast to one study from West Bengal, India, in which only 7.9% of the brain tumors were GBMs, while 46.8% were astrocytomas. Of all adult primary CNS tumors, GBM is the most common and the most malignant with about 7,000 to 8,000 new cases annually in the United States. Given poor outcomes, a number of treatment approaches have been investigated. Common to these approaches is the use of adjuvant radiation therapy, even as surgery alone, with or without chemotherapy, may be the mainstay for some lower grade and low-risk gliomas. Today, treatment typically involves external beam radiation, with concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy for more aggressive histologies. Although gliomas are relatively uncommon, active research is ongoing. Results of landmark trials along with some of the recently published trials are presented. These trials and management strategies as well as evolving concepts are found by reviewing over 200 articles in the National Library Medical (NLM) database, PubMed, more than 60 of which are refrenced. Specifically, the database is searched using the following keywords, with various combinations: glioma, low-grade, anaplastic, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme, chemotherapy, radiation, new concepts, phase III, MGMT, CDX-110 (Celldex), temozolomide, 1p/19q deletion, and bevacizumab.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Astrocytoma/drug therapy , Astrocytoma/radiotherapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Evidence-Based Medicine , Glioblastoma/drug therapy , Glioblastoma/radiotherapy , Glioblastoma/therapy , Glioma/drug therapy , Glioma/radiotherapy , Glioma/therapy , Humans , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
11.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 280-283, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-109392

ABSTRACT

The prognosis for patients with primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) who relapse after the initial response is usually poor. A standard treatment for relapsed PCNSL has not yet been identified because of the heterogeneity of the therapies employed and the lack of large, prospective clinical trials. We describe a 46-year-old relapsed PCNSL patient who was successfully treated with intraventricular applications of rituximab to minimize neurotoxicity, 2 cycles of salvage chemotherapy with etoposide, ifosfamide, and cytarabine (VIA) regimen and high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. The high-dose chemotherapy consisted of bischloroethylnitrosourea, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) regimen. Partial remission was detected after intraventricular rituximab therapy and the patient has been in complete remission without evidence of neurotoxicity for 28 months after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. This case indicates a new appropriate treatment guideline in relapsed PCNSL patient after initial intensive chemo-radiotherapy.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Cytarabine/therapeutic use , Etoposide/therapeutic use , Ifosfamide/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
13.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 15(7): 1094-1099, dic. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-482337

ABSTRACT

El linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central (LPSNC) es un tumor cerebral relativamente infrecuente, que representa aproximadamente el 1 de todas las neoplasias intracraneales y entre el 1


Subject(s)
Humans , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Lymphoma/radiotherapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy
14.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 10(6): 403-405, Dec. 2006. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-446742

ABSTRACT

Intracranial and intraspinal involvement is a rare complication of Hodgkin's disease. We report a case of a patient with diagnosis of AIDS and Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed brain and spinal involvement at the time of the relapse of the neoplasm disease. Mixed cellularity histology was the subtype of Hodgkin's disease in our patient; we identified the Epstein-Barr virus genome in the Reed-Sternberg cells by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Hodgkin Disease/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/diagnosis , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/drug therapy , Fatal Outcome , Hodgkin Disease/diagnosis , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Reed-Sternberg Cells/virology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
Rev. cuba. med ; 45(2)abr.-jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-465564

ABSTRACT

Se ha planteado que la efectividad de la quimioterapia para al tratamiento del linfoma primitivo del sistema nervioso central (LPSNC) no es probada, no obstante, el tratamiento intravenoso e intratecal con methotrexate se ha utilizado y se han obtenido resultados satisfactorios. Se presentó el caso de un paciente, con el diagnóstico de LPSNC y una infiltración intraparenquimatosa en la región témporo-parietal izquierda al principio de la enfermedad y, posteriormente, en el ángulo pontocerebeloso homolateral. Se le aplicó tratamiento oncoespecífico, poliquimioterápico sistémico e intratecal y radioterapia holocraneal. Se observó desaparición de las lesiones reportadas en su totalidad, se logró evolución satisfactoria, aunque este paciente tuvo alteraciones severas tardías de sus funciones psíquicas superiores, con progresivos trastornos cognoscitivos y del comportamiento. Se pusieron en evidencia lesiones en el estudio imagenológico consistentes en atrofia cortical, leucoatrofia, sistema ventricular dilatado y áreas hiperintensas en la materia blanca del cerebro sin recurrencia tumoral. Se verificó el impacto positivo de la quimioterapia en el tratamiento del linfoma cerebral primario, así como la neurotoxicidad en el sistema nervioso central causada por el tratamiento oncoespecífico (radioterapia y quimioterapia). Se consideró que la radioterapia y la terapia combinada deben ser solamente utilizadas en los casos de recaídas. Se recomendó llevar a cabo un estudio clínico comparativo con valoraciones neuropsicológicas periódicas para determinar el posible efecto neurotóxico causado por la radioterapia y/o la quimioterapia. Desde el punto de vista clínico-imagenológico, el paciente presentó una leucoencefalopatía atrófica neurotóxica


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Central Nervous System Neoplasms , Lymphoma , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy
16.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 14(2): 46-48, abr.-jun. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531037

ABSTRACT

Los Oligoastrocitoma mixtos son una minoría (10 por ciento-19 por ciento) de los gliomas supratentoriales. Presentándose generalmente en adultos menores de 40 a¤os con leve predominío del sexo masculino. Su presentación más frecuente son las convulsiones. La presencia de gemistocitos en los gliomas se asocia con un curso clínico desfavorable. Los Oligoastrocitomas anaplásicos grado III con componente gemistoc¡ticos tiene una incidencia del 5 por ciento y una recurrencia de 40 por ciento-100 por ciento y estos pacientes cursan con una sobrevida de dos años, luego de la primera cirugía, aún con tratamiento adicional con radioterapia y/o químioterapia. Presentamos el caso de paciente femenino con 20 años quien debutó con cefalea y amaurosis. Al estudiarse, se diagnóstico tumor occipital derecho mixto, realizándose resección del mismo, la biopsia revelo Oligastrocitoma Anaplásico III (OMS) con importante componente gemistocítico. Egresada por mejoría clínica con tratamiento complementarío de radioterapia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Visual Acuity/physiology , Headache/diagnosis , Craniotomy/methods , Occipital Lobe/anatomy & histology , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Vomiting/diagnosis , Astrocytoma/surgery , Astrocytoma/pathology , Concurrent Symptoms , Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Hyperplasia/etiology
17.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 56(6): 313-7, jun. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-266235

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La ciclofosfamida a dosis escaladas incrementó su citotoxicidad en tumores sensibles a ésta, sin aumento de sus efectos tóxicos. Material y métodos. Se evaluaron 50 pacientes con tumores sólidos, en los que se utilizó ciclofosfamida en dosis escaladas de 2.5 g hasta 4.5 g/m² de superficie corporal como esquema de primera línea o de rescate, con uroprotector y factor estimulante de colonia en cada ciclo. La toxicidad y la respuesta fueron basadas en criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron tumores del sistema nervioso central y retinoblastoma con 18 y 9 pacientes respectivamente. Cuarenta y cinco pacientes (90 por ciento) presentaron respuesta a quimioterapia, ya sea completa (72 por ciento) o parcial. Sólo en 5 pacientes no hubo respuesta. Se presentaron 3 episodios de cistitis hemorrágica. Conclusiones. Se comprobó que la ciclofosfamida a dosis escalada es activa en un grupo heterogéneo de pacientes con tumores sólidos y que esta modalidad terapéutica no incrementa el riesgo de toxicidad


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Drug Therapy , Drug Therapy/adverse effects , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/administration & dosage , Retinoblastoma/drug therapy , Rhabdomyosarcoma/drug therapy
20.
Rev. bras. cancerol ; 38(1): 23-7, jan.-mar. 1992. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-157834

ABSTRACT

O esquema quimioterápico ideal para o tratamento dos linfomas primários do SNC é ainda objeto de investigaçöes. O presente trabalho descreve um caso tratado com vincristina e doses elevadas de dexametasona, metotrexate e citosina arabinosídeo (Ara-C), além de quimioterapia intratecal, que resultou na remissäo completa do tumor. Uma revisäo da literatura também é feita.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Injections, Spinal , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Lymphoma/pathology , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Vincristine/therapeutic use
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